[Knowledge] How to design a mobile robot based on ROS?

In recent years, various mobile robots have emerged. Whether it is wheeled or crawler, how to make mobile robots move is the core work. To enable robots to implement a range of functions such as environment awareness, robotic arm control, navigation planning, etc., ROS is one of the most important software platforms, and it has been widely used in scientific research.

However, there are not many books on ROS, and there are fewer learning communities available in China. This hard-opening open class will take you through the use of ROS to design mobile robots.

Sharing guest Li Jinbang: Founder and CEO of EAI Technology, graduated from Beijing Institute of Technology with a master's degree. He has many years of experience in R&D of Linux underlying technology in NetEase, Snowball and Tencent Technology. In 2015, he co-founded EAI Technology, responsible for SLAM algorithm development and related positioning navigation software product development. EAI Technology, focusing on robotic mobility, provides consumer-grade high-performance laser radar, slam algorithms and robotic mobile platforms.

Three parts of the mobile robot

The so-called intelligent movement means that the robot can independently plan routes, avoid obstacles, and reach the target location according to changes in the surrounding environment.

Robots are various behaviors that simulate people. Imagine which organs are needed for people to move around? First look at the surrounding environment with your eyes, then use your brain to analyze how to get there to reach the target ground, then walk over with your legs and go back and forth until you reach the target address. If the robot wants to achieve intelligent movement, it also needs the close cooperation of the three parts of the eyes, the brain and the legs.

leg

"Legs" are the basis for robot movement. The "legs" of the robot are not limited to the legs of humanoids or animals, but also wheels, crawlers, etc., and the parts that allow the robot to move can be collectively referred to as "legs."

The leg-like advantage of a humanoid is that it can move under complicated road conditions (such as climbing stairs) or more vividly mimic human movements (such as dancing). The disadvantages are: the structure and control unit are more complicated, the cost is high, and the movement is slow. Wait.

Therefore, most mobile robots are wheeled robots, which have the advantages of simple wheel design, low cost and fast movement. The wheel type is also divided into a variety of: two-wheeled balance car, three-wheel, four-wheel and multiple-wheel and so on. At present, the most economical and practical ones are two driving wheels + one universal wheel.

eye

The robot's eye is actually a sensor. Its role is to observe the surrounding environment, suitable for robot eyes, such as laser radar, vision (depth camera, single and dual camera), auxiliary (ultrasonic ranging, infrared ranging).

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