Quickly determine the orientation method of satellite antenna installation

In 2007, China experienced an unprecedented large-scale "revolutionary star adjustment" work. In this "turning star adjustment" work, our county has cultivated a large number of semi-transited "stars". In the future, people often call. Ask: "Where is a certain satellite, how do I turn around 360 degrees and have not found a satellite signal?" Here, the author gets rid of the cumbersome mathematical derivation formula, the "stupid" and unrealistic protractor, the use of the compass, and how to quickly determine the general orientation of the satellite receiving antenna in a short, easy-to-understand way. For beginners' reference.

The position of the satellite relative to the earth

The satellite is above the Earth's equator (latitude 0), about 36,000 kilometers from the Earth's equator, and is stationary relative to a certain point on the Earth (in fact, it is equal to the angular velocity of the Earth, and the linear velocity is 7.9-11.2 km at the first cosmic speed / Seconds, rotating around the earth, so it is also called geosynchronous satellite. The satellite longitude refers to the degree of the Earth's meridian that is orthographically projected on the Earth, that is, the satellite is about 36,000 kilometers above the intersection of the Earth's equator and the longitude of the satellite.

Judgment of the north and south bits of the satellite receiving antenna

Because China's land area is in the north of the Earth's equator, the northern hemisphere, and the synchronous satellite is always in the south of China, so the direction of the satellite antenna should be toward the south.

Judgment of the east-west orientation of the satellite receiving antenna

1. Distribution law of the degree of earth meridian

The earth is divided into 360 parts along the meridian, each one is 1 degree. The 0 degree warp and the 180 degree meridian divide the earth into two hemispheres. The country is in the eastern hemisphere, and the longitude is distributed from west to east, namely: east longitude (N) 0 Degree - 180 degrees east longitude, the greater the longitude to the east, the smaller the longitude to the west.

2. Judgment of the east-west orientation of the satellite receiving antenna

The first thing to know is the longitude of the satellite, and the second is to know the geographic longitude of your location.

If the satellite longitude is equal to the location longitude, the satellite receiving antenna should face the south direction; if the satellite longitude is greater than the location longitude, the satellite receiving antenna should face east; if the satellite longitude is less than the location longitude, the satellite receiving antenna should face west. For example, the longitude of the Maitreya County in Honghe, Yunnan Province is about 103 degrees. If the signal of the satellite star 9 (92.2 degrees) is received, 92.2 is less than 103, so the antenna is westward; if the signal of the satellite 6B (115.5) is received When 115.5 is greater than 103, the receiving antenna is biased to the east.

Judgment of the elevation angle of the satellite receiving antenna

If the longitude of the satellite is equal to the longitude of the location, then the elevation angle of the satellite receiving antenna is the largest; if the longitude of the satellite is greater than the longitude of the location, the larger the difference, the smaller the elevation angle (regardless of east and west).

By using the above method, the orientation of the satellite receiving antenna can be roughly determined. When the receiver parameters are correct, the following receiving antennas are fine-tuned, and the satellite broadcast television signals can generally be received.

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