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Single-phase electric meter wiring diagram _ three-phase three-wire electric energy meter wiring diagram _ three-phase four-wire electric meter physical wiring diagram
There are various ways to wire an electric meter depending on its type and application. Electric meters can be either single-phase or three-phase, and they may be wired directly or through transformers for both current and voltage. Generally speaking, all electric meters have two main circuits: the voltage loop and the current loop. The basic rule when wiring an electric meter is that the current coil should be connected in series with the load or the secondary side of a current transformer, while the voltage coil should be connected in parallel with the load or the secondary side of a voltage transformer.
For single-phase electric meters, the wiring process is quite simple. In cases where the voltage and current are both low, the meter can be directly connected to the line, as depicted in Figure A. The meter's terminal block (the set of boxes labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4 in the image) includes a wiring diagram. However, if dealing with low voltage but high current lines, the current coil of the meter will need to be connected to the load via a current transformer, as shown in Figure B. Domestic single-phase electric meters, like the DD862 series, follow this principle.
Direct connection of a single-phase meter is straightforward, whereas connecting through a current transformer requires more attention to detail. For instance, domestic DD862 series single-phase electric meters are often directly connected to low voltage and small current lines, simplifying the installation process significantly.
When it comes to three-phase electric meters, there are two primary types: the three-phase three-wire active meter and the three-phase four-wire active meter. A three-phase three-wire active meter, also known as a two-element meter due to its two driving components, consists of two aluminum discs mounted on the same rotating shaft. This design allows for efficient measurement across three phases. Externally, it has eight terminals, and its wiring diagram can vary depending on whether it’s directly connected or accessed via current transformers.
The wiring diagram for a three-phase three-wire active meter (mechanical model) is illustrated in the accompanying image. Part (a) shows the direct connection method, while part (b) illustrates the wiring configuration through current transformers. This setup ensures accurate measurement regardless of the current level.
On the other hand, the three-phase four-wire active meter comprises three driving elements, referred to as a three-element meter. This type differs from single-phase and three-phase three-wire meters by having 11 terminals. It is commonly used in power and lighting circuits involving three-phase power supplies. Its wiring diagram is also provided, showing how the live wires U, V, and W connect to specific terminals, with the neutral line being handled appropriately.
In the case of a three-phase four-wire active meter connected directly, the live wires U, V, and W are linked to terminals 1, 4, and 7, respectively. Terminals 3, 6, and 9 are connected to the load, while the neutral line connects to terminals 10 and 11. When using current transformers, the live wires U, V, and W are connected to the primary side L1 of the current transformer, with the L2 end connected to the load. Terminal 7 connects to the secondary side K1, and terminals 3, 6, and 9 connect to the secondary side K2.
For safety reasons, the terminals 2, 5, and 8 should each connect to the L1 end of the primary side of the current transformer, and any contiguous pieces should be removed. Additionally, the secondary side end K2 of the current transformer must be grounded separately. The final wiring diagram demonstrates these principles clearly, emphasizing the importance of proper current transformer and meter connections.
Overall, understanding these wiring methods is crucial for anyone involved in power technology, ensuring both efficiency and safety in electrical installations. Whether you're working with single-phase or three-phase systems, following these guidelines will help ensure your electrical measurements are precise and reliable.